Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST)
Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is an evidence-based group programme of themed activities designed to engage people with dementia in mentally stimulating tasks. It has been shown to support wellbeing and is recommended by health organisations worldwide.
Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is a structured programme of engaging activities designed for people living with mild to moderate dementia. Developed through extensive research, CST involves themed sessions that encourage thinking, concentration, and social interaction through activities like word games, discussions about current events, creative tasks, and reminiscence.
CST is one of the few non-pharmacological approaches that has strong evidence supporting its benefits for people with dementia. Research has shown that CST can support mental wellbeing, improve quality of life, and enhance communication skills. It is recommended by the UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and is used by healthcare services around the world.
The key principles of CST include creating a fun, supportive atmosphere where there are no wrong answers, focusing on opinions rather than facts (so no one feels tested), providing mental stimulation through varied activities, encouraging social interaction and communication, and building on the strengths and interests of each person.
OurTurn's brain wellness activities are inspired by the principles of CST. Our activities cover categories like words and language, memory and attention, logic and reasoning, general knowledge, personal opinions and choices, and reminiscence. These are designed to be enjoyable and engaging, not stressful or test-like, and they adapt to each person's comfort level.
If you are interested in formal CST for your loved one, ask their healthcare provider about availability in your area. Many memory clinics, day centres, and community organisations offer CST programmes. The combination of formal CST sessions and daily engagement through activities at home can be particularly beneficial.
Related Terms
Dementia
Dementia is an umbrella term for a group of conditions that affect memory, thinking, and the ability to carry out everyday tasks. It is not a single disease, but rather a collection of symptoms caused by changes in the brain.
Reminiscence Therapy
Reminiscence therapy involves using prompts like photographs, music, familiar objects, and guided questions to help a person with dementia recall and share personal memories. It can improve mood, strengthen connections, and support a sense of identity.
Person-Centred Care
Person-centred care is an approach that puts the individual — their preferences, history, values, and remaining abilities — at the heart of every care decision. Rather than focusing on what is lost, it builds on what the person can still enjoy and do.
Daily Routine
A daily routine is a consistent sequence of activities and tasks that a person follows each day. For people living with dementia, maintaining a familiar routine provides comfort, reduces confusion, and supports independence.
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